Vesículas liposomales de alginato de sodio como vehículo para el extracto de Hedeoma piperita (Tabaquillo) con actividad ansiolítica y antidepresiva
Sodium alginate liposomal vesicles as a vehicle for Hedeoma piperita (Tabaquillo) extract with ansiolytic and antidepressant activity
Autor(es): Marcos Ignacio Jiménez-Zuñiga, Alexis Torres-González, Anayatzi Campos-Díaz, Ana Karen López-Ruíz, Alejandro Jonathan Hurtado-Mariles, Cristian Jiménez-Martínez y Yolanda de las Mercedes Gómez-y Gómez
Fuente: Mexican Journal of Technology and Engineering, Vol. 5, No. 2, pp, 34-52
DOI: https://doi.org/10.61767/mjte.005.2.3452
Resumen
Este estudio evaluó el uso de vesículas liposomales de alginato de sodio como sistema de administración para el extracto etanólico de Hedeoma piperita (tabaquillo), una planta medicinal mexicana con reconocidas propiedades ansiolíticas y antidepresivas. El extracto, obtenido mediante el método Soxhlet, reveló la presencia de flavonoides, fenoles y taninos, así como una capacidad antioxidante superior al 90%. Las vesículas liposomales, preparadas por el método de inyección y caracterizadas mediante microscopía de contraste de fases y espectroscopía FTIR, presentaron morfología esférica y tamaños variables. Los ensayos in vivo en modelos murinos demostraron que las vesículas liposomales con extracto de H. piperita (tabaquillo) redujeron significativamente el tiempo de inmovilidad en la prueba de nado forzado y aumentaron el tiempo de sueño inducido por pentobarbital, confirmando sus efectos antidepresivos y potenciadores del sueño. Estos resultados sugieren que la combinación del extracto de H. piperita (tabaquillo) con tecnología liposomal representa una alternativa prometedora para el desarrollo de nuevos tratamientos farmacológicos dirigidos al sistema nervioso central, mejorando la estabilidad y biodisponibilidad de compuestos bioactivos.
Palabras clave: Antidepresivo, Hedeoma piperita, Vesículas, Tabaquillo.
Abstract
This study evaluated the use of sodium alginate liposomal vesicles as a delivery system for the ethanolic extract of H. piperita (tabaquillo) a Mexican medicinal plant with recognized anxiolytic and antidepressant properties. The extract, obtained by the Soxhlet method, It reveal the presence of flavonoids, phenols and tannins, as well as an antioxidant capacity higher than 90%. The liposomal vesicles, prepared by the injection method and characterized by phase contrast microscopy and FTIR spectroscopy, showed spherical morphology and variable sizes. In vivo assays in murine models demonstrated that liposomal vesicles containing H. piperita (tabaquillo) extract significantly reduced immobility time in the forced swim test and increased pentobarbital-induced sleep time, confirming its antidepressant and sleep-enhancing effects. These results suggest that the combination of H. piperita (tabaquillo) extract with liposomal technology represents a promising alternative for the development of new pharmacological treatments targeting the central nervous system, improving the stability and bioavailability of bioactive compounds.
Keywords: Antidepressant, Hedeoma piperita, Vesicles, Tabaquillo.
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