Del campo al motor: La magia de los biocombustibles líquidos
From the field to the engine: The magic of liquid biofuels
Autor(es): Maria Belem Arce-Vazquez, Agustín Mora-Ortega, Jesús de la Cruz-Alejo y Laura Goretti Rojas-Rodríguez
Fuente: Mexican Journal of Technology and Engineering, Vol. 5, No. 1, pp. 27-37
DOI: https://doi.org/10.61767/mjte.005.1.2737
Resumen
El presente escrito explora el cambio de combustibles fósiles a energías renovables como una necesidad apremiante para mitigar el cambio climático por el calentamiento global causado por las emisiones de gases nocivos al medio ambiente. A través de analizar las generaciones de biocombustibles, sobresale el potencial de la biomasa lignocelulósica para producir energéticos sin comprometer la soberanía alimentaria. Se detallan los procesos industriales de fabricación, desde la transesterificación para producir biodiésel hasta la ruta de proceso del bioetanol que incluyen pretratamiento, hidrólisis y fermentación. En cada proceso se observan los puntos críticos para poder optimizarlos y proponer los mejores modelos de producción de biocombustibles líquidos, con la finalidad de transformar la percepción de que los desechos no sirven y que se puede dar una segunda utilización para que sean el nuevo medio de combustibles para una movilidad sostenible.
Palabras clave: Energías Renovables, Biocombustibles líquidos, Transesterificación, Fermentación alcohólica.
Abstract
This paper explores the shift from fossil fuels to renewable energy as an urgent necessity to mitigate climate change caused by global warming resulting from the emission of harmful gases into the environment. Through an analysis of biofuel generation, the potential of lignocellulosic biomass to produce energy without compromising food sovereignty is highlighted. The industrial manufacturing processes are detailed, from transesterification for biodiesel production to the bioethanol production process, including pretreatment, hydrolysis, and fermentation. Critical points are identified in each process to optimize them and propose the best models for liquid biofuel production. The aim is to transform the perception that waste is useless and demonstrate that it can be repurposed as a new fuel source for sustainable mobility.
Keywords: Renewable energies, Liquid biofuels, Transesterification, Alcoholic fermentation.
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